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Obesity is linked with excessive accumulation of fat tissue and with adverse effects on health. Type 2 diabetes has become one of the main lifestyle diseases and is one of the most common problems in everyday medical practice. Worldwide, in every 10 seconds it is diagnosed in two individuals and one person dies because of its complications. Depression is linked with chronic and sustained despondence, low self-esteem and loss of ability to feel pleasure. Osteoporosis is a chronic metabolic disease, which is characterized with decrease of bone mass and changes in the bone microarchitecture, leading to increased risk of fractures.
Obesity, diabetes, depression and osteoporosis are classified as lifestyle and social diseases. Their treatment absorbs huge amounts of money, and prevention has the key significance. However, some studies as an important contribution to this topic have been shown. According to this year’s reports from the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, the official publication of the American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ACOEM), obesity causes more costs in health care, than the effects of cigarette smoking. The study compared the health insurance of 30 000 current and former employees of the Mayo Clinic (USA). Both obesity and cigarette smoking were associated with greater expenditure on health care, but the consequences of excessive body weight caused the greatest costs. This result was obtained as an effect of the 7-year observation.
Another study in patients with type 2 diabetes has shown that the disease is coming back in a large percentage of them, despite the operation of gastric bypass. These results were presented on June 25 during the Endocrine Society’s 94th Annual Meeting in Houston. The study involved 72 obese patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent gastric bypass surgery with Roux-en-Y method, between 2000 and 2007 and were subjected to at least a 3-year observation period. 92% of them had reversal of diabetes. However, within 3 to 5 years after the operation in 21% of individuals type 2 diabetes revealed itself. It was correlated to lower weight loss after surgery. During the same conference case studies of women with severe depression, who observed a significant improvement after vitamin D deficiency supplementation in their organisms were presented. Three women aged 42 to 66 with diagnose of severe depression were treated with antidepressants. They received also treatment due to type 2 diabetes and hypothyroidism. After supplementation with vitamin D, all of the women reported significant improvements in their health status, confirmed by using Beck test.
Scientists from Sahlgrenska Academy have identified genetic changes, which are associated with osteoporosis. The results of their studies, published in Nature Genetics showed that women, in whom many of these changes have been found, are characterised by more than 50 percent increased risk of fractures. An amount of 56 loci responsible for bone mineral density in humans and 14 loci correlated with the risk of fractures were examined. In addition, the results led to the subsequent discoveries, among which is the identification of new, very important signaling pathways within the bone cells. Understanding their mechanism of action may be the grip point to new treatments. Are we getting rid of nightmares?
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Written by: Karolina Kłoda MD, PhD
Source:
1.Moriarty JP, Branda ME, Olsen KD et al. The Effects of Incremental Costs of Smoking and Obesity on Health Care Costs Among Adults. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2012; 54 (3): 286 DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e318246f1f4
2.ScienceDaily. Retrieved November 1, 2012, from http://www.sciencedaily.com¬ /releases/2012/04/120403124252.htm
3.Endocrine Society (2012, June 24). Type 2 diabetes, cured by weight loss surgery, returns in one-fifth of patients. ScienceDaily. Retrieved November 1, 2012, from http://www.sciencedaily.com¬ /releases/2012/06/120625100924.htm
4.Endocrine Society (2012, June 25). Treating vitamin D deficiency may improve depression. ScienceDaily. Retrieved November 1, 2012, from http://www.sciencedaily.com¬ /releases/2012/06/120625152358.htm
5.University of Gothenburg (2012, April 23). Genes that increase the risk of osteoporosis and fractures discovered. ScienceDaily. Retrieved November 1, 2012, from http://www.sciencedaily.com¬ /releases/2012/04/120423132011.htm
6.https://medtube.pl/reumatologia/filmy-medyczne/11227-osteoporoza-cz-1-choroba-ktora-powinna-byc-leczona
Would you like to know more? Watch on MEDtube.net: Obesity Surgery – Laparoscopic Gastrectomy